CPSC ni iki?

CPSC (Komisiyo ishinzwe umutekano w’ibicuruzwa) n’ikigo gikomeye cyo kurengera abaguzi muri Amerika, gishinzwe kurinda umutekano w’abaguzi ukoresheje ibicuruzwa by’abaguzi.Icyemezo cya CPSC bivuga ibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge bw’umutekano byashyizweho na komisiyo ishinzwe umutekano w’ibicuruzwa kandi byemejwe na byo.Intego nyamukuru yicyemezo cya CPSC nukureba ko ibicuruzwa byabaguzi byujuje ibyangombwa byumutekano mugushushanya, gukora, gutumiza mu mahanga, gupakira no kugurisha, no kugabanya ingaruka z'umutekano mugihe cyo gukoresha abaguzi.

1. Amavu n'amavuko y'icyemezo cya CPSC
Hamwe niterambere ryihuse ryubumenyi nikoranabuhanga, ibicuruzwa bitandukanye byabaguzi bihora bigaragara, kandi abaguzi bahura nibibazo byumutekano mugihe bakoresha ibyo bicuruzwa.Mu rwego rwo kurushaho gukoresha neza ibicuruzwa by’abaguzi, guverinoma y’Amerika yashyizeho komisiyo ishinzwe umutekano w’ibicuruzwa (CPSC) mu 1972, ishinzwe kugenzura umutekano w’ibicuruzwa by’umuguzi.Icyemezo cya CPSC nuburyo bwiza bwo kwemeza ko ibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge bwumutekano mbere yo gushyirwa ku isoko, bityo bikagabanya ibyago byo gukomeretsa impanuka kubakoresha mugihe cyo kubikoresha.

2. Ingano n'ibiri mu cyemezo cya CPSC
Ingano yicyemezo cya CPSC ni nini cyane, ikubiyemo ibicuruzwa byinshi byabaguzi, nkibicuruzwa byabana, ibikoresho byo murugo, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, ibikinisho, imyenda, ibikoresho, ibikoresho byubwubatsi, nibindi byumwihariko, icyemezo cya CPSC gikubiyemo ahanini ibi bikurikira:
Standard Ibipimo byumutekano: CPSC yashyizeho urutonde rwumutekano kandi isaba ibigo gukurikiza aya mahame mugihe cyo gukora no kugurisha ibicuruzwa.Ibigo bigomba kubipima kugirango ibicuruzwa bitazangiza abaguzi bikoreshwa bisanzwe kandi biteganijwe gukoreshwa nabi.
Procedure Uburyo bwo kwemeza: Icyemezo cya CPSC kigabanyijemo ibyiciro bibiri: intambwe yambere ni ugupima ibicuruzwa, kandi isosiyete ikeneye kohereza ibicuruzwa muri laboratoire y’abandi bantu bemejwe na CPSC kugirango bipimishe kugirango ibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge bw’umutekano;intambwe ya kabiri ni igenzura ryibikorwa.CPSC izasuzuma ibikoresho by’isosiyete ikora, sisitemu yo gucunga neza, nibindi kugirango ireme ryibicuruzwa birambye.
Kwibutsa ibicuruzwa: CPSC isaba ibigo gukurikirana ibicuruzwa bakora.Igicuruzwa kimaze kugaragara ko gifite umutekano muke, hagomba gufatwa ingamba zihuse zo kubyibuka.Muri icyo gihe, CPSC izakora kandi isesengura ryiperereza ku bicuruzwa byibutswe hagamijwe gukomeza kunoza ibipimo by’umutekano hamwe n’ibisabwa byemezwa.
Kwubahiriza no kubahiriza: CPSC ikora igenzura ryibicuruzwa byagurishijwe ku isoko kugirango irebe niba byubahiriza ibipimo byumutekano nibisabwa.Kubicuruzwa bitujuje ubuziranenge, CPSC izafata ingamba zijyanye no kubahiriza amategeko, nko kuburira, ihazabu, kwamburwa ibicuruzwa, nibindi.

3. Laboratoire yemewe ya CPSC
Ikintu cyingenzi kigenzurwa nicyemezo cya CPSC nibicuruzwa byabana, nkibikinisho, imyambaro nibikenerwa bya buri munsi, harimo kwipimisha nibisabwa kugirango imikorere yaka (flame retardant), ibintu byangiza imiti, imikorere yumutekano nubumubiri, nibindi bintu bisanzwe bipimisha CPSC:
TestingIgeragezwa ryumubiri: harimo kugenzura impande zikarishye, ibice bisohoka, ibice byagenwe, nibindi kugirango harebwe niba nta bice bikarishye cyangwa bisohoka by igikinisho bishobora kwangiza abana;
TestIkizamini cyo gutwika: Gerageza imikorere yo gutwika igikinisho hafi yumuriro kugirango umenye neza ko igikinisho kitazatera umuriro ukomeye bitewe ninkomoko yumuriro mugihe ikoreshwa;
TestIkizamini cy'uburozi: Gerageza niba ibikoresho biri mu bikinisho birimo imiti yangiza, nk'isasu, phalite, n'ibindi, kugira ngo ubuzima n'umutekano bikinishwa ku bana.

4. Ingaruka z'icyemezo cya CPSC
①Umutekano wibyara umusaruro: Icyemezo cya CPSC kigamije kurinda abaguzi ingaruka ziterwa no gukoresha ibicuruzwa bidafite umutekano.Binyuze mu gupima no kugenzura, icyemezo cya CPSC cyemeza ko ibicuruzwa byujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa byumutekano, bityo bikagabanya ibyago byimpanuka n’imvune mugihe cyo gukoresha ibicuruzwa.Ibicuruzwa bibona icyemezo cya CPSC birashobora kongera abaguzi kugaragara kubicuruzwa, bigatuma barushaho kugura no gukoresha ibyo bicuruzwa.
AssPassport yo kwinjira ku isoko ry’Amerika: Icyemezo cya CPSC ni kimwe mu bintu byingenzi byinjira mu isoko ry’Amerika.Mugihe cyo kugurisha no gukwirakwiza ibicuruzwa muri Reta zunzubumwe zamerika, kubahiriza ibisabwa byemejwe na CPSC birashobora kwirinda ibibazo byemewe namategeko kandi bigatanga ubufatanye bwiza hagati yinganda nabafatanyabikorwa nkabacuruzi nabatanga ibicuruzwa.Hatariho icyemezo cya CPSC, ibicuruzwa bizahura ningaruka nko kubuza isoko, kwibutsa, hamwe nuburyozwe bwemewe n'amategeko, ibyo bizagira ingaruka zikomeye ku kwagura isoko no gukora neza.
OrGuhuza kwizerwa no kumenyekana: Icyemezo cya CPSC ni ukumenyekanisha kwingenzi kwamasosiyete mubijyanye nubwiza bwibicuruzwa n'umutekano.Kubona icyemezo cya CPSC byerekana ko isosiyete ifite ubushobozi bwo kugenzura no gucunga neza umutekano wibicuruzwa, kandi ikerekana ko yitaye ku nyungu z’umuguzi n’inshingano z’imibereho.Ifasha kuzamura izina no kwizerwa byikigo, gushiraho inyungu zinyuranye kumasoko arushanwa cyane, no gukurura abaguzi benshi guhitamo no kwizera ibicuruzwa byikigo.
Kunoza ubushobozi bwo guhangana ku isoko: Kubona icyemezo cya CPSC birashobora kuzamura isoko ryamasoko yibigo.Kuba hari ibimenyetso byemeza birashobora gukoreshwa nkigikoresho gikomeye cyo kwamamaza no kugurisha ibicuruzwa byiza n’umutekano, bikurura abakiriya benshi guhitamo ibicuruzwa byikigo.Ugereranije nabanywanyi batamenyekanye, ibigo bifite icyemezo cya CPSC bifite inyungu zo guhatanira kandi birashoboka cyane ko byunguka abaguzi hamwe nisoko ryisoko.