Icyemezo cy'inkomoko ni iki?

Icyemezo cy'inkomoko ni iki?
Icyemezo cy'inkomoko ni inyandiko yemewe yemewe n'amategeko yatanzwe n’ibihugu bitandukanye hakurikijwe amategeko abigenga kugira ngo yerekane inkomoko y’ibicuruzwa, ni ukuvuga aho byakorewe cyangwa bikorerwa ibicuruzwa.Mu magambo make, ni "pasiporo" kugirango ibicuruzwa byinjire mubucuruzi mpuzamahanga, byerekana ko ibicuruzwa bifite ubwenegihugu.Icyemezo cy'inkomoko gikubiyemo amakuru ajyanye n'ibicuruzwa, aho bigana no kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga.Kurugero, ibicuruzwa birashobora kwitwa "Byakozwe muri Amerika" cyangwa "Byakozwe mubushinwa."Icyemezo cy'inkomoko ni ibisabwa mu masezerano menshi y’ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka kuko ashobora gufasha kumenya niba ibicuruzwa bimwe byujuje ibyinjira mu mahanga cyangwa niba ibicuruzwa bitangirwa amahoro.Nimwe mu nyandiko zemerera gutumizwa mu mahanga.Nta cyemezo cy'inkomoko, nta buryo bwo gukuraho gasutamo.

Icyemezo cy'inkomoko ni inyandiko itandukanye na fagitire y'ubucuruzi cyangwa urutonde rwo gupakira.Gasutamo isaba kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze gusinya, umukono ugomba kuba mwiza, kandi inyandiko zometseho zigomba gusinywa no gushyirwaho kashe n’urugereko rw’ubucuruzi.Rimwe na rimwe, gasutamo igana irashobora gusaba icyemezo cyubugenzuzi mu cyumba cy’ubucuruzi cyihariye, kandi ibyumba by’ubucuruzi mubisanzwe bifatana uburemere ibyemejwe.Icyemezo cy'ubugenzuzi gikubiyemo kashe yemewe y'urugereko n'umukono w'uhagarariye urugereko rwemewe.Ibihugu cyangwa uturere tumwe na tumwe twemera ibyemezo byinkomoko byashyizweho umukono na elegitoroniki n’ingereko z’ubucuruzi.Umuguzi arashobora kandi kwerekana mu ibaruwa yinguzanyo ko hakenewe icyemezo cyinkomoko, kandi ibaruwa yinguzanyo irashobora kwerekana icyemezo cyinyongera cyangwa ururimi bizakoreshwa kugirango icyemezo cyinkomoko cyujuje ibisabwa.
Gusaba ibyemezo bya elegitoroniki byaturutse (eCo) mubisanzwe bitangwa kumurongo, kandi abasaba rimwe na rimwe bashobora kubona icyemezo cya elegitoroniki cyashyizweho kashe na chambre yubucuruzi mugihe kitarenze umunsi, cyangwa bakabona icyemezo cyihuse cyijoro.

Ni ibihe byiciro by'ingenzi byerekana ibyemezo by'inkomoko?
Mu gihugu cyacu, dukurikije uruhare rw'icyemezo cy'inkomoko, hari ibyiciro bitatu by'ingenzi byerekana ibyemezo by'inkomoko byatanzwe ku bicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga:
Icyemezo kidafite inkomoko: Bizwi cyane nka "icyemezo rusange cy'inkomoko".Ninyandiko yerekana ko ibicuruzwa bikomoka mugihugu cyanjye kandi bikishimira ibiciro bisanzwe (igihugu gikunzwe cyane) kubihugu bitumizwa mu mahanga, byitwa icyemezo cya CO.
Certificate Icyemezo cy'inkomoko: Urashobora kwishimira uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura ibiciro kuruta ubuvuzi butoneshwa cyane n’igihugu, cyane cyane harimo icyemezo cya GSP cy’inkomoko hamwe n’icyemezo cy’akarere gikomoka.
Icyemezo cy'umwuga cy'inkomoko: Ni icyemezo cy'inkomoko cyerekanwe ku bicuruzwa byihariye mu nganda zidasanzwe, nka “Icyemezo cy'inkomoko y'ibicuruzwa bikomoka ku buhinzi byoherezwa mu Burayi”, n'ibindi.

Ni ubuhe butumwa bw'icyemezo cy'inkomoko?
AndKuhereza ibicuruzwa: Ishyaka ryubucuruzi rikoresha icyemezo cyinkomoko nkimwe mu mpapuro zemeza gutanga ibicuruzwa, kwishura ubwishyu, no gukemura ibibazo;
CountryIgihugu gitumiza mu mahanga gishyira mu bikorwa politiki y’ubucuruzi yihariye: nko gushyira mu bikorwa uburyo butandukanye bwo kwishyura imisoro itandukanye, gushyira mu bikorwa imipaka igabanya ibicuruzwa no kugenzura ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga;
Kugabanya imisoro no gusonerwa: By'umwihariko, ibyemezo bitandukanye by’inkomoko ni inyandiko zikenewe kugira ngo harebwe uburyo bwo kwishyura imisoro mu gihugu gitumizwa mu mahanga.Bafatwa nabatumiza benshi nk "urufunguzo rwa zahabu" na "impapuro zahabu" kugirango bagabanye igiciro cyibicuruzwa.Zizamura kandi izina mpuzamahanga ryibicuruzwa byigihugu cyacu.Kurushanwa.

Inyandiko ku cyemezo cy'inkomoko:
Format Imiterere yicyemezo cyinkomoko yashyizwe mugihe cyo gutangaza igomba kubahiriza amabwiriza yinyandiko, kuba ibara ryerekana ibara ryumwimerere, kandi ibikubiye mubyemezo bigomba kuba bisobanutse.Nyamuneka menya ko nyamuneka wohereze verisiyo "Umwimerere", kandi ntugomba kohereza "Gukoporora" cyangwa "Ubutatu";
SignImikono na kashe mubitangwa byubuyobozi butanga inkingi hamwe n’ibicuruzwa byohereza hanze icyemezo cyinkomoko bigomba kuba byuzuye kandi bisobanutse;
Icyemezo cyo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga kigomba kuba gihuye na fagitire n'amasezerano;
ShouldIcyitonderwa kigomba kwishyurwa kumunsi wigice cyicyemezo:
(1) Itariki yo gutanga ibyemezo iteganya: Amasezerano yubucuruzi ya Aziya-Pasifika ni mugihe cyoherezwa hanze cyangwa muminsi 3 yakazi nyuma yo koherezwa;Amasezerano yubucuruzi bwubushinwa-ASEAN ni mbere yo koherezwa, mugihe cyoherejwe, cyangwa kubera imbaraga zidasanzwe, muminsi 3 nyuma yo koherezwa;Amasezerano y’ubucuruzi y’Ubushinwa na Peru n’amasezerano y’ubucuruzi y’Ubushinwa na Ositaraliya mbere cyangwa igihe cyoherezwa mu mahanga;ubufatanye bw’ubukungu bw’akarere (RCEP) ni mbere yo koherezwa;
.Amasezerano y’ubucuruzi y’Ubushinwa na Ositaraliya n’ubufatanye bw’ubukungu mu karere (RCEP) afite agaciro mu gihe cyumwaka umwe uhereye igihe yatangiriye;
.Amasezerano y’ubucuruzi y’Ubushinwa na Ositaraliya ateganya ko icyemezo gishobora gusubirwamo mu gihe cy’umwaka umwe uhereye ibicuruzwa byoherejwe;Amasezerano y’ubucuruzi muri Aziya-Pasifika ntabwo yemerera gusubira.
⑤ Niba icyemezo cy'inkomoko kidatanzwe ukurikije igihe cyagenwe muri iyo nyandiko, kandi urwego rutanga rwongeye gutanga icyemezo cy'inkomoko, amagambo "YATANZWE RETROACTIVELY" (reissue) agomba gushyirwaho ikimenyetso;
NameIzina ry'ubwato na nimero y'urugendo ku cyemezo cy'inkomoko bigomba kuba bihuye n'impapuro zimenyekanisha kuri gasutamo;
Imibare 4 yambere ya kode ya HS yicyemezo cyinkomoko yamasezerano yubucuruzi bwa Aziya-pasifika igomba kuba ijyanye nimpapuro zimenyekanisha kuri gasutamo;imibare 8 yambere ya kode ya HS ya "Amasezerano y’ubufatanye bw’ubukungu bw’ubukungu bwambukiranya imipaka" (ECFA) icyemezo cy’inkomoko agomba kuba ahuje n'impapuro zimenyekanisha kuri gasutamo;ubundi bucuruzi bwingenzi Imibare 6 yambere ya kode ya HS yicyemezo cyemeranijweho inkomoko igomba kuba ijyanye nimpapuro zimenyekanisha kuri gasutamo.
QuantityUbunini ku cyemezo cy'inkomoko bugomba kuba buhuye n'umubare n'igipimo cyo gupima byatangajwe mu ifishi imenyekanisha rya gasutamo.Kurugero, ingano yanditse kurutonde rwamasezerano yubucuruzi yubushinwa-ASEAN ni inkomoko ni "Uburemere bukabije cyangwa uburemere buke cyangwa ubundi bwinshi".Niba umutegetsi utanga adatanga ibisobanuro byihariye kumubare mugihe utanga icyemezo cyinkomoko, bizasubizwa kumubare wanditse kurutonde rwinkomoko.Uburemere nubunini bwicyemezo cyinkomoko bigomba kuba bihuye nuburemere bwuzuye bwimpapuro zimenyekanisha kuri gasutamo.Niba ingano yicyemezo cyinkomoko iri munsi yuburemere rusange, noneho igice kirenze umubare wanditse kurutonde rwinkomoko ntigishobora kwishimira igipimo cy’imisoro cyemeranijwe.
Ikintu "Inkomoko y'Ikomoko" cyinjijwe na rwiyemezamirimo mu idirishya rimwe kigomba kuba gihuye na "Inkomoko y'inkomoko" cyangwa "Inkomoko ijyanye n'ibipimo" by'icyemezo cy'inkomoko.Nyamuneka wemeze kubyinjiramo neza mugihe cyo gusaba;
Numero ya fagitire nitariki byinjijwe muri inyemezabuguzi yinkingi yicyemezo cyinkomoko bigomba kuba bihuye nimero ya fagitire nitariki ifatanye na fomu imenyekanisha rya gasutamo.