Incoterms muri Logistique

1.EXW bivuga ibikorwa byahoze (ahantu hagenwe) .Bisobanura ko ugurisha ageza ibicuruzwa ku ruganda (cyangwa ububiko) kubigura.Uretse igihe byavuzwe ukundi, umugurisha ntabwo ashinzwe gupakira ibicuruzwa ku modoka cyangwa mu bwato byateguwe n’umuguzi, nta nubwo binyura mu buryo bwo kumenyekanisha ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga.Umuguzi ashinzwe igihe cyo kugeza ibicuruzwa ku ruganda rw’umugurisha kugeza ku ndunduro Ibiciro byose hamwe n’ingaruka aho ujya.Niba umuguzi adashobora gukora mu buryo butaziguye cyangwa butaziguye ibyemezo byo kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze, ntabwo ari byiza gukoresha ubu buryo bwubucuruzi.Iri jambo ni ijambo ryubucuruzi rifite inshingano nkeya kubagurisha.
2.FCA bivuga kugemura kubitwara (ahantu hagenwe).Bisobanura ko ugurisha agomba kugeza ibicuruzwa kubitwara byagenwe nuwaguze kugirango bigenzurwe ahabigenewe mugihe cyagenwe giteganijwe mumasezerano, kandi akishyura ibiciro byose ningaruka zo gutakaza cyangwa kwangiriza ibicuruzwa mbere yuko ibicuruzwa bitangwa. kugenzurwa nuwitwaye.
3. FAS bivuga "ubuntu kuruhande rwubwato" ku cyambu cyoherejwe (icyambu cyagenwe cyoherejwe).Dukurikije ibisobanuro by '“Amahame Rusange”, ugurisha agomba kugeza ibicuruzwa byujuje ibiteganijwe mu masezerano ku bwato bwagenwe n’umuguzi ku cyambu cyumvikanyweho cyoherejwe mu gihe cyagenwe., aho umurimo wo gutanga urangiye, ibiciro ningaruka ziterwa numuguzi nugurisha bigarukira kumpande yubwato, bukoreshwa gusa mubwikorezi bwinyanja cyangwa gutwara amazi yimbere.
4.FOB bivuga ubuntu ku cyambu cyoherejwe (icyambu cyagenwe cyoherejwe).Umugurisha agomba gupakira ibicuruzwa mubwato bwagenwe nuwaguze ku cyambu cyumvikanyweho cyoherejwe.Iyo ibicuruzwa byambutse gari ya moshi, ugurisha yujuje inshingano zo gutanga.Ibi bireba ubwikorezi bwinzuzi ninyanja.
5.CFR bivuga ikiguzi hiyongereyeho ibicuruzwa (icyambu cyerekanwe), kizwi kandi nk'imizigo irimo.Iri jambo rikurikirwa n’icyambu cyerekeza, bivuze ko ugurisha agomba kwishyura ikiguzi n’imizigo isabwa mu gutwara ibicuruzwa ku cyambu cyumvikanyweho.Irakoreshwa mu gutwara imigezi ninyanja.
6. CIF bivuga ikiguzi hiyongereyeho ubwishingizi n'ibicuruzwa (icyambu cyerekanwe).CIF ikurikirwa nicyambu cyerekanwe, bivuze ko ugurisha agomba kwishyura ikiguzi, imizigo nubwishingizi busabwa kugirango ibicuruzwa bigere ku cyambu cyumvikanyweho.Birakwiriye gutwara imigezi ninyanja

7.CPT bivuga ibicuruzwa byishyuwe kuri (aho byerekanwe).Dukurikije iri jambo, umugurisha agomba kugeza ibicuruzwa kuwutwara yagenwe na we, akishyura ibicuruzwa byo gutwara ibicuruzwa aho bijya, akanyura mu nzira zo kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze, kandi umuguzi ashinzwe kubitanga.Ingaruka zose hamwe nibisabwa bikurikizwa muburyo bwose bwo gutwara abantu, harimo no gutwara abantu benshi.
8.CIP bivuga ibicuruzwa bitwara ibicuruzwa nubwishingizi byishyuwe (aho byerekanwe), bikoreshwa muburyo butandukanye bwo gutwara abantu, harimo no gutwara abantu benshi.
9 igihugu.Kujugunya ibicuruzwa kubaguzi no kuzuza uburyo bwo kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze yohereza ibicuruzwa hanze, ni ukuvuga ko ibicuruzwa byarangiye.Umugurisha yishyura ibyago nibisohoka mbere yuko ibicuruzwa bishyikirizwa umuguzi kugirango abijugunye.Irakoreshwa muburyo butandukanye bwo gutwara abantu kugemura imipaka.
10. aho ujya.Ni ukuvuga, gutanga birangiye kandi ugurisha ashinzwe gupakurura ibicuruzwa ku cyambu.Umuguzi agomba kwishyura ibiciro byose byabanjirije hamwe n’ingaruka zose uhereye igihe ibicuruzwa biri mu ndege byashyizwe mu bikorwa, harimo amafaranga yo gupakurura hamwe n’uburyo bwo gutumiza gasutamo ku bicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga.Iri jambo rireba ubwikorezi bwo mu nyanja cyangwa ubwikorezi bwo mu mazi imbere.
11.DEQ bivuga kugemura ku cyerekezo cyerekezo (icyambu cyerekanwe), bivuze ko ugurisha ashyikiriza ibicuruzwa umuguzi ku cyambu cyagenwe.Ni ukuvuga ko ugurisha ashinzwe kurangiza kugemura no gutwara ibicuruzwa ku cyambu cyagenwe no kubipakurura ku cyambu cyagenewe.Terminal ifite ingaruka zose nibisohoka ariko ntabwo ishinzwe ibicuruzwa biva muri gasutamo.Iri jambo rireba ubwikorezi bwo mu nyanja cyangwa imbere.
12.DDU bivuga gutanga nta musoro wishyuwe (aho ugenewe), bivuze ko ugurisha ageza ibicuruzwa kubaguzi aho byagenwe atanyuze mu bicuruzwa byinjira mu mahanga cyangwa gupakurura ibicuruzwa mu modoka yabitanze, ni ukuvuga, birangiye. , ugurisha agomba kwishyura ikiguzi cyose ningaruka zose zo gutwara ibicuruzwa aho byerekanwe, ariko ntabwo ashinzwe gupakurura ibicuruzwa.Iri jambo rireba uburyo bwose bwo gutwara abantu.
13 , itangwa ryarangiye kandi ugurisha Ugomba kwishura ingaruka zose nigiciro cyo gutwara ibicuruzwa aho bijya, unyuze muburyo bwo gutumiza ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga, no kwishyura “imisoro n'amahoro.”Iri jambo nimwe umugurisha afite inshingano zikomeye, ikiguzi hamwe ningaruka, kandi iri jambo rireba uburyo bwose bwo gutwara abantu.